LH v OTP Banka — CJEU rules OFAC listing alone cannot justify refusing a basic payment account
Case LH v OTP banka d.d., formerly NOVA KREDITNA BANKA MARIBOR Court Court of Justice of the European Union, Fourth
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European Union
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Gotka — Seahorse-extract tablets are CITES “specimens” under EU wildlife-trade law; personal-use import exemption may apply but only on verified facts
Case Criminal proceedings against V.B. (Gotka) Court Court of Justice of the European Union, Ninth Chamber (European Union) Date Decided
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IFIS NPL Investing v JM and Others — CJEU rules EU anti-money laundering and NPL directives do not apply to pre-transposition bulk loan assignment rules
Case IFIS NPL INVESTING SpA v JM, OT, VR and CL Court Court of Justice of the European Union, Sixth
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NSD v Council — CJEU upholds EU asset freeze on Russia’s central securities depository, broadly reading “material or financial support” criterion
Case NKO AO National Settlement Depository (NSD) v Council of the European Union (Case C‑801/24 P) Court Court of Justice
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Fujifilm v. Kodak — UPC Court of Appeal Issues Landmark Ruling on Long-Arm Jurisdiction Over Non-Member States
The UPC Court of Appeal ruled that the Unified Patent Court can accept jurisdiction over patent infringement in non-member states like the UK, but overturned a Mannheim injunction on substantive grounds — establishing a three-category framework for managing long-arm claims.
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Les Editions Albert Rene v. EUIPO — EU General Court Overturns Refusal to Invalidate ‘Obelix’ Mark for Weapons
The EU General Court annulled EUIPO’s decision refusing to invalidate a Polish entrepreneur’s ‘Obelix’ trademark registration for firearms and ammunition, finding the office failed to properly assess the famous comic character mark’s reputation and the risk of reputatio
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Les Éditions Albert René v. EUIPO — EU General Court Annuls Refusal to Invalidate ‘Obelix’ Trademark for Weapons and Ammunition
The EU General Court annuls EUIPO’s decision that allowed a Polish entrepreneur to keep the ‘Obelix’ trademark for firearms and ammunition, finding the agency failed to properly assess the famous comic character’s trademark reputation.
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Meta Platforms Ireland v. AGCOM — CJEU Upholds Press Publishers’ Right to Fair Compensation from Tech Platforms
The Court of Justice of the European Union ruled that EU member states may require platforms like Meta to compensate press publishers for use of their news content, validating national regulators’ authority to set fair remuneration criteria and impose penalties.
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Meta Platforms v. AGCOM — CJEU Upholds Press Publishers’ Right to Compensation from Online Platforms
The Court of Justice of the EU ruled that member states may require online platforms to pay fair compensation to press publishers for use of news snippets, upholding Italian legislation implementing the DSM Copyright Directive.
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CJEU Grand Chamber: Meta Must Compensate Press Publishers for News Snippets Under EU Copyright Directive
The Court of Justice of the European Union ruled in a Grand Chamber decision that online platforms like Meta must provide fair compensation to press publishers when displaying snippets or previews of news articles, clarifying the scope of the EU Copyright Directive (2019/790).
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Align Technology v. Angelalign — UPC Düsseldorf Denies Preliminary Injunction on Clear Aligner Patent, Requires Feature-by-Feature Technical Proof
The Unified Patent Court’s Düsseldorf Local Division denied Align Technology’s application for provisional measures against Chinese competitor Angelalign, ruling that promotional materials alone cannot establish patent infringement without independent technical analysis.
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Gilead Sciences v. Academy of Military Medical Sciences — UPC Revokes Chinese Military Institute’s Remdesivir COVID-19 Patent for Lack of Inventive Step
The UPC Central Division in Milan revoked the Academy of Military Medical Sciences’ European patent on the use of remdesivir to treat COVID-19, finding the claimed invention lacked inventive step because prior art published just ten days before the priority date already identified remdesivir a
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Dyson v. Dreame — UPC Makes First-Ever CJEU Referral on Long-Arm Jurisdiction Over Non-UPC Territories
In a historic first, the UPC Court of Appeal has referred four questions to the CJEU on whether UPC local divisions can assert long-arm jurisdiction over patent infringement occurring in non-UPC contracting states.
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Adobe, OpenAI & Others v. KeeeX — UPC Court of Appeal Sets Clear Limits on Long-Arm Jurisdiction Over Non-Contracting States
In a case marking OpenAI’s first significant patent lawsuit in Europe, the UPC Court of Appeal overturned the Paris Local Division and held that the UPC has no jurisdiction to adjudicate patent infringement in non-UPC contracting states like the UK, Switzerland, and Spain.
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GEMA v. VHC 2 Seniorenresidenz — CJEU Rules Retirement Home TV/Radio Retransmission Is Not a “Communication to the Public”
The CJEU held that a retirement home’s retransmission of satellite TV and radio signals to residents’ rooms via internal cable does not constitute a ‘communication to the public’ under EU copyright law, because residents are not a ‘new public’ beyond the original
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M.M. Ristorazione v. Villa Ramazzini (CJEU C-132/25) — EU Court Rules Provisional IP Measures Cannot Persist Indefinitely Without Substantive Proceedings
The Court of Justice of the European Union ruled that Article 9(5) of the IP Enforcement Directive precludes national laws that allow provisional trademark measures to remain in force indefinitely when the rights-holder fails to file substantive proceedings within the mandatory deadline.
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Nokia v. Geely — UPC Mannheim Issues Landmark Anti-Anti-Suit Injunction With €50 Million Penalty in Global SEP Dispute
The UPC Mannheim Local Division issued an ex parte anti-anti-suit injunction ordering Geely to withdraw its Chinese interim licence application or face fines up to €50 million, in a landmark ruling reinforcing that the right to enforce a patent includes its procedural enforceability.
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Abbott v. Sinocare & Menarini — UPC Court of Appeal Grants Preliminary Injunction Over Glucose Monitor Patent
The Unified Patent Court’s Court of Appeal reversed a first-instance denial and granted Abbott a preliminary injunction against Sinocare’s GlucoMen iCan continuous glucose monitor, finding the first instance had interpreted the patent claims too narrowly.
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CG & YN v. Pelham GmbH (Pelham II) — CJEU Defines ‘Pastiche’ Exception for Music Sampling Under EU Copyright Law
The CJEU Grand Chamber ruled that EU copyright’s ‘pastiche’ exception is not a catch-all defense but covers creations that use characteristic copyrighted elements to engage in recognizable artistic dialogue with existing works — a landmark holding for music sampling, remix culture,
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Pelham v. Hütter (Pelham II) — CJEU Grand Chamber Defines ‘Pastiche’ Exception for Music Sampling, Requires ‘Recognizable Artistic Dialogue’
In the latest chapter of the 25-year Kraftwerk sampling dispute, the CJEU Grand Chamber held that the copyright ‘pastiche’ exception is not a catch-all but requires overt, recognizable artistic dialogue with the source work — with major implications for sampling, remix culture, and AI-ge
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Pelham II (C-590/23) — CJEU Grand Chamber Defines ‘Pastiche’ Exception to Copyright, Requires Overt Artistic Dialogue with Source Work
The CJEU Grand Chamber ruled that pastiche under Article 5(3)(k) of the InfoSoc Directive requires an objectively recognizable artistic dialogue with the source work, expressly excluding concealed imitations and plagiarism.
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UPC Court of Appeal — Amgen v. Sanofi & Regeneron (UPC_CoA_528/2024) — Sets Out the UPC’s Inventive-Step Framework: Realistic Starting Point, Objective Problem, “Would Not Could”
In a same-day companion ruling to Meril v. Edwards, the UPC Court of Appeal articulated a comprehensive inventive-step framework: identify the objective problem from the perspective of the skilled person, choose a realistic starting point in the prior art, and assess whether the skilled person ̵
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Meril v. Edwards Lifesciences (UPC_CoA_464/2024 et al., EP 3 646 825) — UPC Court of Appeal Same-Day Companion to Amgen v. Sanofi: “Same Parties” Test, Embodiment Coverage, and Non-Obvious-Alternative Inventive Step
Same-day companion to Amgen v. Sanofi/Regeneron, the UPC Court of Appeal in Meril v. Edwards held that the ‘same parties’ test under Art. 33(4) UPCA looks to identity of interests; that disclosed embodiments are generally covered by the patent claims unless the specification clearly teac
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UPC Court of Appeal — Boehringer Ingelheim v. Zentiva (UPC_CoA_446/2025) — Marketing Authorisation Alone Does Not Imminent-Infringe, But Completion of National Pricing & Reimbursement Procedures Can
The UPC Court of Appeal set out a workable test for when a generic pharmaceutical’s pre-launch activity creates an imminent threat of infringement supporting provisional measures: a bare marketing authorisation does not, but completion of national health-technology-assessment, pricing, and rei